Nanographene laser-pyrolyzed paper electrodes for the impedimetric detection of D-glucose via a molecularly imprinted polymer

In this proof-of-concept study, we used laser-pyrolyzed paper as the supporting electrodes for the swift, impedimetric, and enzymeless detection of D-glucose by the means of molecularly imprinted polymer. Molecular imprinting of monomer 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid was performed by electrochemical polymerization in the presence of D-glucoseas a template molecule, followed by the template removal process via cyclic voltammetry in PBS (pH = 7.4). The analytical capacitance signal was extracted from the raw electrochemical impedance spectra recorded after only 60 s of incubation with the analyte. The electrodes were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to disclose their structural and morphological properties, revealing the presence of nanographene of high porosity. The analytical performance was investigated in the clinically relevant range of 0-30 mmol dm(-3), which demonstrated good linearity (r(2) = 0.97), decent limit of detection (1.77 mmol dm(-3)), an excellent selectivity (a = 1.38-3.73), and good reproducibility (5.0%). (AU)